Dynamic, governance-first data access on Estonia’s most-queried register

The Estonian Population Register is operated by the Ministry of the Interior and SMIT, holding personal data for citizens, EU residents, and permit holders, and serving more than 260 institutions. 

Annual queries
200+ million
Connected institutions
260+

Challenge 

The existing X-Road services were limited by static structures, heavy query loads, and insufficient control over how data was accessed and processed — a problem given the register’s role in critical national infrastructure. 

Solution 

  • REST-based X-Road services. Redesigned with built-in intelligent control mechanisms; queries are dynamically configurable per legal or contextual purpose. 
  • Rule-based governance. Data managers can define which fields are accessible, under what conditions, and for which legal basis — enabling autonomous service governance. 
  • Access-rights GUI + audit logs. A new graphical interface for managing user rights and monitoring usage in detail. 
  • Bundled, tagged queries. Multiple queries can be bundled under a single action and tagged with legal context such as ‘justified interest’ or ‘public interest’. 
  • AI
  • Backend
  • Java
  • Public
  • Self-Service
  • UX
  • X-road

Result 

  • A secure, flexible, AI-ready data access platform for critical national infrastructure. 
  • Transparent, automated, intelligent control over how population data is shared. 
  • Stronger public-sector data governance across 260+ connected institutions. 
  • Foundation in place for future AI-powered government services. 

 

Key takeaway 

At national-register scale, the win isn’t a faster query — it’s a governance layer that makes every query legally explicit and auditable. 

MISX – Pattern detection and surveillance tooling for modern law enforcement 

The Police and Border Guard Board is Estonia’s unified law-enforcement and internal-security agency with around 5,000 employees, operating under the Ministry of the Interior. 

  • AI
  • Backend
  • Java
  • UX
  • X-road

Challenge 

The PPA’s new MISX procedural system needed a modern way to manage object and individual surveillance. The legacy approach didn’t scale, leaned heavily on manual work, and gave investigators little support for tracking relationships between entities like vehicles and persons. 

Solution 

  • Microservices surveillance module. A new-generation MISX surveillance module built on a modular architecture for scalability and adaptability. 
  • Automatic pattern detection. Surfaces relationships between entities — for example, linking a person to a vehicle in the context of a traffic incident. 
  • Dynamic form generation. The interface adapts to data type and context, reducing training needs. 
  • Rule-based automation. Status changes and user permissions adjust automatically based on rules — age, event deadlines, case state. 
  • X-Road data validation. Live cross-checks against national registries keep data accurate and current. 

Result 

  • Faster decision-making and significantly more process automation in surveillance workflows. 
  • AI-assisted features cut manual work in identifying relevant data relationships. 
  • Modular structure adapts to future procedural and administrative workflows. 
  • A more responsive public-safety tool that saves investigators’ time. 

 

Key takeaway 

Investigative workflows benefit more from quietly automated pattern detection than from flashy AI features — speed and reliability matter most. 

KPOIS – Microservices and automated data flows for Estonia’s land constraint registry 

KeMIT is the IT center for the Estonian Ministry of Climate, maintaining geospatial, weather, and environmental systems including KPOIS, the national land constraint information system. 

  • AI
  • Backend
  • Java
  • Public
  • UX

Challenge 

KPOIS was built on a monolithic architecture that limited flexibility, scalability, and maintenance. Manual data entry created bottlenecks, spatial analysis tools were missing, the UI was static, and integrating external data sources was painful. 

Solution 

  • Microservices migration. Transitioned KPOIS to a modular, performance-oriented architecture built for automation. 
  • Standalone geospatial service. Introduced visual buffer-zone creation and interactive map views to support spatial decision-making. 
  • Automated data ingestion. Replaced manual inputs with FME workflows, enabling seamless integration with external registries. 
  • Personalized dashboard. Context-aware tasks and data presented per user, with smart session and notification management. 
  • Schema partitioning. Restructured data models for intelligent data processing and faster queries

Result 

  • A future-proof, automated, user-centric environment for managing land use constraints. 
  • Faster, more accurate decisions for both end users and administrators. 
  • Manual data flows largely replaced by automated registry integration. 
  • Platform now ready to host AI-driven spatial analytics and predictive features. 

 

Key takeaway 

Public-sector registries don’t have to stay monolithic — microservices plus automated data flows turn a static registry into a decision-support tool. 

A monolith-to-microservices rebuild for Estonia’s nature data system 

EELIS is Estonia’s central information system for biodiversity and nature protection data, used by conservation specialists, monitoring teams, and field workers. 

  • AI
  • Backend
  • Java
  • Public
  • UX

Challenge 

EELIS was built as a monolithic, workstation-based application — the legacy architecture limited scalability, was painful to use in the field, and didn’t integrate with modern digital workflows. 

Solution 

  • Microservices migration. Complete platform rebuild on a microservices architecture for modularity and scale. 
  • PostgreSQL geo-databases. Backed by interactive map applications and automated CI/CD deployment pipelines. 
  • Mobile field tools. Restructured for seamless data exchange with external registries and support for mobile use in the field. 
  • AI-ready data foundation. Reworked data models enable pattern recognition, decision support, and geospatial analytics. 
  • Open data publishing. Opens the door to training ML models for environmental research and forecasting. 

Result 

  • An intelligent, scalable, data-rich platform for nature management across Estonia. 
  • Specialists have meaningfully better tools for fieldwork and daily operations. 
  • Manual data flows largely replaced by automated processes. 
  • EELIS is now a strategic decision-support system, not just a static registry. 

 

Key takeaway 

Environmental and scientific registries gain disproportionately from microservices — the real win is unlocking AI and automation that the old architecture made impossible. 

A smarter UI and 24/7 error detection for Estonia’s state portal

RIA, under the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications, develops and runs eesti.ee — the central digital gateway between the Estonian state and its citizens

  • Backend
  • Java
  • Public
  • Self-Service

Challenge 

eesti.ee needed ongoing enhancements to keep users productive — but the UI lacked contextual responsiveness, and service errors often went undetected or uncommunicated outside working hours. 

Solution 

  • Real-time monitoring + event-based alerts. Automatically identifies service disruptions and notifies users and partner institutions, 24/7. 
  • Personalized dashboards. Each citizen sees content relevant to their situation, without switching between sections. 
  • In-article service queries. Users access relevant personal data directly inside content, in context. 
  • Foundation for predictive error management. The alerting layer is designed to evolve from reactive to predictive. 

Result 

  • Service disruptions get detected and communicated 24/7, not just during office hours. 
  • Users see a context-aware, personalized view of state services. 
  • Less friction across daily interactions with the state portal. 
  • A foundation in place to move from reactive to predictive incident handling. 

 

Key takeaway 

Citizen-facing digital services succeed or fail on small details — context-aware UI and quiet, reliable monitoring matter more than headline features. 

Automated supervision in Estonia’s national firearm registry 

The PPA supervises firearm licenses across Estonia, a process that historically required officials to navigate multiple systems, run time-consuming registry queries, and process paperwork manually. 

  • AI
  • Backend
  • Java
  • Public
  • X-road

Challenge 

Firearm license supervision relied on fragmented systems and manual checks across multiple interfaces, slowing decisions, increasing the risk of human error, and limiting oversight transparency. 

Solution 

  • Centralized supervision module. A single intelligent module inside the national firearm registry that handles end-to-end supervision. 
  • X-Road registry queries. Automated queries across key government registries detect when supervision is required, with no manual lookups. 
  • Rule-based case initiation. When triggered, the system opens the case, gathers data, compiles a structured report, and drafts a decision — without human intervention. 
  • Built-in validation. Avoids duplicate cases and flags logical inconsistencies, further reducing error risk. 
  • Full audit trail. A detailed data tracker monitors every registry interaction, keeping AI behavior auditable. 

Result 

  • Routine supervision tasks largely automated. 
  • Faster, more consistent decision-making. 
  • Reduced human error and improved data quality. 
  • Higher transparency and accountability across oversight activities. 

 

Key takeaway 

Regulatory oversight is a natural fit for automation — but only when every AI step is auditable and a human can always inspect the trail.

A scalable ticketing platform for global public transport 

Ridango is an Estonian technology company and a global leader in intelligent transport systems and contactless ticketing, founded in 2009 and operating in 25+ countries

  • AI
  • Backend
  • Java
  • Self-Service

Challenge 

Public transport systems in international cities need automated ticketing and precise vehicle tracking — and the existing tooling needed to scale to many more cities without bespoke work for each one. 

Solution 

  • Ticketing automation. Advanced ticketing automation built to operate across international transport networks. 
  • Vehicle location prediction. Tracking and prediction systems for transport fleets. 
  • Scalable platform. A platform designed to serve all of Ridango’s future clients, not just one city at a time. 

Result 

  • New platform launching with a Swedish client this summer. 
  • Next rollout planned in Athens, Greece. 
  • Architecture in place to onboard additional cities without bespoke rebuilds. 

 

Key takeaway 

Public transport tech wins when one platform can serve many cities — the engineering bet is on configurability, not customization.

A multi-feature VISA credit card platform

Bigbank is an Estonian-owned commercial bank that has evolved from a specialized consumer credit institution into a full-service digital bank.

  • AI
  • Backend
  • Java
  • Self-Service

Challenge 

Bigbank wanted to develop and launch a multi-featured VISA credit card platform with financial integrations and real-time functionality. 

Solution 

  • Software development + API integrations. Built the credit card platform with the integrations needed to operate it day-to-day, including real-time financial functionality. 
  • Feature implementation. Delivered the product feature set Bigbank needed to bring the card to market. 

Result 

  • A secure, efficient credit card platform in production. 
  • Real-time functionality across the card’s core operations. 

 

Key takeaway 

When the goal is shipping a regulated banking product, the value is in the integrations and the real-time plumbing — not in the marketing tagline. 

From legacy Java 6 to a digital betslip platform 

Estonia’s national lottery operator, serving thousands of customers daily through both physical and digital channels under strict regulatory oversight. 

Partnership
5+ years, ongoing
Paper saved each month
55 kg

Challenge

The lottery was running on Java 6 with Oracle and an aging WebLogic stack, plus a boxed third-party engine that supported only one game type. Five development teams shared one test environment, and the printers needed to read paper betslips were going end-of-life. 

Solution:

  • Digital betslip. Customers pick numbers online, the system generates a QR code, and the ticket is validated at any physical point of sale — replacing paper-scanning hardware that was about to disappear. 
  • AI-paired development. The team uses Windsurf, Gemini, Claude, and ChatGPT across the daily workflow; most code is AI-generated and developer-refined. 
  • Hybrid cloud architecture. AWS tunnels bridge cloud features to existing on-premise systems, letting modernization happen without a big-bang migration. 
  • Lightweight Scrum. Two-week sprints with weekly client check-ins keep momentum without ceremonial overhead. 
  • AI
  • AWS
  • Backend
  • Java
  • Oracle
  • Public

Result

  • Digital betslip live — paper-ticket dependency on path to retirement. 
  • A 3-developer team often waiting on client feedback, not the other way around. 
  • Architecture ready for a third lottery engine to replace the existing two. 
  • Compliance risks reduced through better monitoring and data integrity. 

 

Key takeaway

A regulated, mission-critical legacy system can be modernized by a small AI-paired team faster than most organizations can review the output — without compromising stability or compliance. 

Rebuilding a national energy datahub without taking it offline 

Estonia’s independent electricity and gas transmission system operator, whose Estfeed Datahub manages 1.5 million metering points and underpins the country’s liberalized energy market. 

Regression testing
10-50x faster
Metering points
1.5 million
Continuity
Zero downtime during rebuild

Challenge 

Estfeed was originally built by an external firm relying on subcontractors without energy-sector expertise, leaving Elering with massive datasets, dozens of interdependent access rules, and significant technical debt — all while the platform had to keep serving millions of daily energy market transactions. 

Solution 

  • Agile, collaborative practices. Moved from quick fixes to Kanban, agile design, and requirements-driven processes; Elering’s in-house architects guide the vision, Srini executes. 
  • AI-powered productivity. Windsurf, Gemini, NotebookLM, and ChatGPT speed up development, documentation, and translation across the team. 
  • Custom AI testing tool. A Python-based AI testing tool that sped up regression testing by 10–50× — essential given the system’s size and complexity. 
  • Domain-specific investment. Unlike prior subcontractors, Srini invested time in understanding energy-sector IT, so every solution fits the regulatory and operational reality. 
  • AI
  • Backend
  • Java
  • Public
  • Self-Service

Result 

  • Estfeed continues to support millions of energy market transactions without disruption, even mid-rebuild. 
  • Regression cycles that used to take weeks now complete in a fraction of the time. 
  • Elering shifted from fragmented outsourcing to a hand-in-hand in-house + Srini model. 
  • New features and fixes ship much faster — critical in the fast-moving European energy market. 

 

Key takeaway 

Mission-critical national infrastructure can be rebuilt mid-flight — but only with domain investment, AI-paired engineering, and in-house leadership owning the vision. 

Case studies

What Clients say

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